“Refusal to accept the death of a dream would seem a historical imperative in realizing it.” (Referring to Abraham Lincoln’s long held conviction that he would someday be president.)
–Chris DeRose, Congressman Lincoln
Holy Mackeral! It’s time to prepare the roof for summer.
We can ignore it no longer. It’s time to get up on that roof and get the cooler in working condition (for those of us in the southwest), and to re-coat the entire roof in preparation for the upcoming monsoon season.
the water cooler (a.k.a. “swamp” cooler)
We will eventually turn the home into a rental house, so we must keep the roof in top condition. Later, we need to fix one of our rental house’s roof too.
Water Cooler Issues
This year, the copper tubing broke on my cooler due to cold weather. I used to drain the tubing every year before winter. Then, a friend told me that was a waste of time because it never got cold enough to break the pipes. Now I have one additional broken pipe, and one less friend.
Just kidding. Actually my friend is only serving time in the penalty box — for the next 2 years!
valve attached to new tube
copper tube
Fortunately, it’s an easy fix to change the tubing. Here are the steps:
1.) At Ace Hardware, I bought 8 feet of copper tube at $1.29 per foot,
2.) I cut off the old tube, and
3.) I attached the new tube using couplers, also from the aforementioned Ace Hardware Store.
copper tube cutter
Applying Rubberized Roof Coating
Last weekend we tackled this job at our house.
We used 4-5 gallon buckets of Tucson Rubberized Roof Coating. Each 5 gallons covers about 400 sq. ft.
The procedure was:
1.) One day before, wash off the roof with a high powered water spray,
2.) Stir up the paint with electric drill and large paddle stirring attachment,
3.) Place my two sons on roof with rollers and paint, and stand back as they lather it on like shaving cream.
We (Terry & Angy) are partners in both marriage and in real estate business.
Who says married couples can’t be business partners? And the great thing is we have never considered divorce . . . murder sometimes, but never divorce. Well, never murder, really, but maybe forcing each other to watch, in an uninterrupted viewing, the horrifyingly bad movie, The Clan of the Cave Bear.
In reality, this business has been a bonding experience, not only for us, as husband and wife, but also for our two boys, who have been active participants in the business from the very beginning.
9/11 Attacks Take the Starch Out of Us
We started in real estate investing following the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center. The ensuing economic recession forced our hand. The hours at Terry’s job were drastically reduced. We realized that for the security of our family, we needed to have a business on the side—a business able to provide regular cash flow in case Terry’s 9 to 5 job suddenly went away.
This led Terry to experience a very intensive period of soul searching and in-depth research (accompanied by gratuitous whining and moping). We decided that a rental house business was the best way to go. We were excited to find the rental business was an easy business to learn and to start. This business required no special license, degree, or training. And the results tempered the most important source of Terry’s whining. The rental business offered the potential to make money.
We Jump In and Hope the Net Appears
We essentially just jumped in with good intentions and very little practical knowledge. After we made up our minds that this is what we wanted to do, we simply bought an inexpensive fixer-upper house, one that had foreclosed and been repossessed by a bank. We moved into and lived in the fixer-upper house while we did the necessary repairs.
But most importantly, we did not sell our original home. We rented it out.
Angy Puts Her Foot Down – On Top of Terry’s Foot
It took a little adjustment to move into that first fixer-upper house. The first thing we did was to get one of the bathrooms back into working condition. Angy’s negotiating stance on that topic was, “I’m not living in that house unless at least one bathroom is fully operational!” At that, who could argue? Marveled by a mother’s logic, together Terry and the boys nodded their heads and dropped the labeled empty plastic bottles they held in their hand into the Recycle Box.
As we went forward with the repairs, we changed bedrooms frequently. Moving from room to room, we cleared out of one bedroom to install tile and then moved again out of the next to make room to install carpet. Huffing and puffing, we moved furniture from one side to the next as we worked through the house painting all the walls. We replaced the cabinets in the kitchen, the fixtures in the bath, the leaky plumbing and the outdated lighting.
Group Hugs
Preparing meals required serious creativity. Entertainment and rest required the same. But the support and flexibility from all family members, and a few timely “group hugs” (some through gritted teeth), got us through.
Move all of your furniture and personal belongings out of your old house. The absence of these items makes the house look bigger and the home is more inviting if it is not cluttered up with beds, chairs, food supplies, and toys. It also makes it easier to do a thorough job of cleaning the house.
This only applies to the first time you rent out your new rental house. After tenants leave in the future, they will take most of their things with them. Of course, some tenants do not follow the normal procedure, and they may leave in the middle of the night to avoid paying their last rent check.
(Occasions like this make it tempting to slip a magnetized GPS tracking device under the fender of the renter’s car.)
An incident like this happened to me a couple of years ago. Not only did the tenant leave a pile of clothing, bottles and boxes of cleaning supplies, cupboards of food, and a sofa, but also left behind a car that didn’t work. (So much for the GPS idea.)
Renters like this one are the exception. Tenants normally take all their things with them when they leave, making it easy for me to prepare the property for the next tenant, and without much effort, present an appealing yet empty house.
Step 2: Clean Up
Thoroughly clean the house. This includes painting walls (a fresh coat of paint makes the place look and smell good), washing floors, cleaning appliances (especially the oven), shampooing carpets, washing the windows, cleaning the bathrooms and checking the roof.
Step 3: Make Repairs
Take care of all repair work. Leave nothing to chance and make all repairs before tenants move in. Change broken outlets and switches, patch holes, remove stains, replace cracked and broken glass, repair dripping faucets, replace missing shingles, and fix roof leaks.
The old saying that “Left to themselves, things always go from bad to worse,” is especially true with rental houses. It’s tempting to assume that that small leak in the bathtub, or a toilet that flushes most of the time, won’t bother anyone. But trust me, you will get that call to repair the bathtub or toilet at the most inopportune time.
This doesn’t mean that everything in the house has to be new, but everything should be in working order.
It is a rental house after all, and not Buckingham Palace.
For example, bedroom doors do not have to be replaced every time they have a crack or a hole in them. I rehabilitate the door with wood putty, and a fresh coat of paint. The guy in the “Easy Repair of Hollow Core Door” video below uses drywall mud to fill the hole, with equally good results.
Buy used construction materials
Missing or broken light switches, outlets, covers can be replaced inexpensively with quality used ones. I have also purchased reliable doors, cabinets, stove tops, dishwashers, and toilets at stores that recycle construction materials, for pennies on the dollar. The Habitat for Humanity Store is one such place that I frequent for good used materials. There are 825 Habitat Restores in the United States and Canada. You can locate a store near you at www.habitat.org
Buy new or used appliances?
If broken clothes washers or dryers cannot be easily repaired, our policy is to replace them with a quality used one, or with lower end new appliances (like the Kenmore brand from Sears).
Buy bargain appliances before you need them
Craigslist and yard sales are great places to find good used appliances at bargain prices. If I see a nice working appliance for a good price, I will purchase it, even though I don’t have any immediate need for it. I’ll just store it in our shed until I need it.
I bought a like-new furnace at a yard sale for only $40 and installed it into a rental house and it has worked great. For furnaces, there are very few moving parts to worry about, and the wiring is relatively simple. As long as the motor works, you’re home free.
I once literally picked up a clothes dryer from the side of the road that had a “Free Dryer” sign taped to it. I gave it a new home and it has been working
Low maintenance yard (in the southwest)
reliably for over 10 years now. The only repair, about five years ago, was that I had to change the on/off switch on the door.
Step 4: Simplify Landscaping
The front yard of your rental houses must look great. Curb appeal gives the potential tenants a good first impression. Simple and neat landscaping gives the client comfort that the yard is low maintenance and ecologically and economically low in water consumption saving the tenants money on water and saving you time later not having to replace a yard of dead plants.
This yard went too low maintenance!
I personally like to utilize decorative rocks on our rental yards, and plants that don’t require any watering, like Mesquite and Palo Verde trees, which have long roots that tap into the aquifer.
Step 5: Re-key the Locks
One other thing that I like to do before a new tenant moves in is to re-key all the locks. This is cheaper than buying new doorknobs, and it provides security for our tenants. This protects you and your tenants in case a previous tenant has surreptitiously kept an extra copy of a house key.
I once purchased an investment property that I was sure was going to be an ideal rental house. It was in a location where there was high demand for rentals, and it was nice attractive house.
My Shocking Experience
I decided to check out the property one more time on the day before signing the papers. I was in for a shock. When I opened the door, I was hit in the face with an overpowering dank smell that was so thick that I almost couldn’t get into the house. It was like walking underwater.
I looked down and I saw that the carpets were soaked with water. The walls of the house were black. I quickly discovered that the hot water heater was leaking, and had flooded the house.
I will not scream! I will not scream! I will not Aaaahhhhhhhhh!!
Since all the windows and doors tightly closed, the mother-of-all steam baths had formed inside the house. If I weren’t already as thin as a rail, I probably could have lost 30 pounds in there in 10 minutes.
I Feel a Scream Coming
While I would have had every right to scream like Jamie Lee Curtis in those old “Halloween” movies, to my credit, I didn’t do that. Plus, my two sons were with me at the time, and it would have ruined the image they had of me as a modern-day James T. Kirk, bold captain of the Sprouse family.
Steady as she goes, Mr. Chekov.
Since I’ve now used up my ‘reservoir’ of metaphors to describe this dire situation, let’s get to the steps to address this issue.
5 Steps to Take if Your House is Flooded
1.) Don’t touch the merchandise.
Don’t touch anything that is electric while standing in water. It may be tempting to want to turn on lights and turn off appliances, but don’t do it. You wouldn’t adjust the radio while you are in a bathtub, and your house is now a giant bathtub. If the electrical outlets near the floor are saturated, you should not be in that house.
If the fuse box is in a dry location, turn off the power.
Have an electrician check the system before turning on the power again.
N 95 Mask
If you plan to be inside the house for any amount time, or if you plan to clean up mold, you should wear a N95 mask to wear while you’re there. (See step #5 before donning your mask).
2.) Remove the water.
Open up the doors and windows and let the house air out for at least 30 minutes before spending any time in the house.
Dry out things that got wet. You basically have between 24 to 48 hours to dry out things that have gotten wet, before irreparable damage sets in.
Once the electricity is back on, having been checked by an electrician, you can use a “wet dry” shop vacuum to remove standing water. Wear rubber boots.
Even after the water is pumped out of the house, you must act quickly to avoid the residual damage in walls and under carpets. The imbedded dampness can permanently weaken carpet fibers and soften sheetrock walls.
The most important thing to worry about is mold and mildew. Mold and mildew spores are always present in the air that we breathe and if we only add a little warmth, darkness, and moisture, they become unwelcome house guests.
3.) Get the humid air out.
Use de-humidifiers and fans to remove the excess humidity. Place fans in doors and windows to blow the air out the window, so as not to circulate mold back into the house.
Do not turn the furnace on to dry out the air. This will only increase the humidity and transport the spores throughout the house.
Have your home heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system checked and cleaned by a maintenance or service professional who is experienced in mold clean-up before you turn it on.
4.) Get rid of carpet padding.
Usually, even though you haven’t passed the 24-48 hour time limit, disaster recovery experts will remove any soaked padding from beneath the carpet and treat the floor and the underside of the carpet with a mildew inhibitor such as Pine Sol.
5. Let the doctors do their job
Outta my way!
The Nexium commercial (to treat heartburn) says, “You wouldn’t want a doctor doing your job,” and a doctor comes trotting out of the bullpen to be the relief pitcher in a professional baseball game, or operates a jack hammer. This principal applies to you and your flooded house too. Unless you are an expert, you probably shouldn’t tackle this project yourself. Because mold and mildew are such dangerous foes, it’s best to call in the pros to handle flooded houses.
The Happy Conclusion to My Story
In the case of the investment property that I mentioned earlier, the water had been in the house for several days (beyond the 24-48 hour limit) and the owner wisely owner hired a mitigation company. The company had to replace all of the carpeting and most of the drywall. It was almost like a new house when they finished. They tested the air and the spore count for mold and mildew in the house, and when they were finished, the count was lower than the count outside the house.
Although I had cancelled the sale, I made another offer on the house when it came back on the market, and I wound up purchasing the property after all. It was a better house than the first time I bid on it.
Below is a useful video series about dealing with flooded houses. The emphasis is on pretty drastic flooding (way over the 24-48 hours limit), but it covers many important things to consider.
The Arizona Network of Real Estate invited me to give a presentation to their group about my book “Fix em Up Rent em Out.”
I thought the video might be available to the general public but it looks as though that’s not going to happen.
However, so that no one feels left out, I am going to provide a summary of the key points that I hit during the presentation. As someone who was regularly picked last for teams in gym class, I’m sensitive to people feeling left out. Casting modesty to the wind, I am also including exclusive photos of the event.
So here are:
The 5 Rules on How to Lose Money and Get Your Rental Property Trashed by Tenants (based on an article by Andrew Stefanczyk)
1. Choose the Worst Possible Area
Location will determine the kinds of tenants you will attract, and how much rent you can fairly charge.
Do you want these bearded wonders as tenants?
The best approach is to identify target areas in your city where you would like to focus your purchases. I like to focus on “transition zones” (where there is a mixture of housing types) which are good for investors because we can purchase properties at lower prices, and there is high demand to live in these areas.
2. Put in the very best of things when fixing up an investment property
Use new and expensive sinks, doors, refrigerators, light fixtures, etc. Never shop at stores that recycle construction supplies. Spare no expense.
Of course, the problem is that tenants will not take care of our properties as well as we would,
Habitat Store
so we end up with many broken or worn out items. The better alternative is to shop at used building supply stores, and to purchase good, inexpensive, supplies for our rental houses. One such store is the Habitat for Humanity store.
3. Make sure you have absolutely no experience in make basic repairs
Not knowing how to change electrical outlets, unclog drains & toilets, and replace broken windows will cost quite a bit down the road.
Being as uninformed as possible about who you rent to may be the best way to lose money as a landlord. Do not ask for or check references. Do not call previous landlords and ask questions like, did they pay rent on time? How was the condition of the house or apartment when they left? Did they ever disturb neighbors with loud music or shouting matches? How often would you have to make special trips for repairs? Being as uninformed as possible about whom you rent to will make a huge difference and will increase the chances that you will get tenants that will trash your property and refuse to pay rent.
However, the better way is to:
A. Use a checklist for tenants. Decide what kind of tenant that you want ahead of time.
C. Check county records to see what illegal activities they’ve been up to.
D. Know the Fair Housing Act. Never select tenants based strictly on “race, color, national origin, religion, sex, familial status or handicap (disability).”
E. To find new tenants, use Craiglist, put up arrow signs, and host an “open house.”
5. Make sure you have not learned about your rights as a landlord
Be completely unfamiliar with the eviction process to guarantee long, drawn out disputes with tenants. Don’t keep up to date financial records or copies of correspondence with tenants. Most states provide online information about tenant and landlord rights so avoid reading these.
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Last Saturday I took my 10-year-old son along with me to repair a window in one of our rental houses. I like to take one of my boys along so they can learn a thing or two about how to repair things, as well as so they can see how I deal with tenants, and, mainly so that we spend some time together and have fun together. I always try to make it fun for them. For example, we went to ACE Hardware to get a new window cut, we looked at the stuff he likes to see, like BB guns and rockets, and, I bought him a bag of Boston Baked Beans.
It was really a big help to have #2 son along. He not only does what I ask him to do, unlike his teenage brother “Mr. Cool Guy”, but he also brings an enthusiastic spirit to the endeavor. One of the first things I have to do is to chip out the old putty from around the window. It’s my least favorite part of the job since it involves a lot of tedious work. After I explain what I am going to do, my son responds. “Can I do it?” I say “okay, go at it,” but I’m thinking, “Well, if you really insist!” What is old hat to me is new and exciting to him.
When we arrived back from ACE with the new window, I accidentally broke the window as I took it out of the back seat of my pick-up. I thought it might discourage my son to head back to ACE again to buy another window, but his response was, “I need a refill on the Boston Baked Beans anyway.” After that the broken glass incident became a running gag with comments like “is it time to break the window again?” and “let’s break the window again and get some more Boston Baked Beans.”
I must admit, it’s not nearly as entertaining when I have to do those little repair jobs all by myself.
With the annual approach of summer rains, now is almost the last chance to make rental house roofs water proof before the watery onslaught. As someone who has a sworn aversion for arriving too early to parties, I subscribe to the time-tested philosophy of “better late than never.”
This morning I applied some black roofing cement on some areas on one of my townhouse roofs. I had located some cracks upon my inspection of it about 2 weeks ago.
The first photo shows the area in question, where I had previously applied a small amount of plastic roofing cement, but today I was going to put on some more and cover a broader area.
The second photo shows the application of the plastic roofing cement. We apply one layer of cement, then put a white membrane on top of that, followed by a second layer of cement. The membrane allows for more cement to be applied.
Below is the “after” photo. You can see that in addition to the corner, we hit a few other cracks with our roofing cement on the sides of theroof. Later, we’ll come back with white roofing paint to cover the black cement.
A good rental house
My wife and I purchased this 2 bed 2 bath townhouse in 1993 and lived in it for 10 years before moving on to a bigger house (to accomodate our growing family), and turning this property into a rental house in 2003.
Its been one of our best rental houses because it is in a “transition” zone (aka “opportunity zones”) where there is heavy demand for housing, and it is easy to care for because it is compact (1100 sq ft with small front and back yards). The townhouse perfect for single people or small families.
The bathroom is an essential part of most every home. However, the bathroom is also an area that is often neglected when it comes to creating an environmentally friendly and green space. Luckily, when designing or remodeling your home, the nation-wide renewed focus on green living has opened up an entire marketplace full of green items.
And what most homeowners and contractors don’t realize is that going green really boosts the value of your home. Things like geothermal heat, 95% efficient furnaces and walls made with reclaimed materials are just a few examples of expensive but worthwhile home investments. One of my favorite areas of focus is the bathroom.
Recycled Glass Tile: Tile is a commonly used throughout the bathroom, from floors and shower walls to backsplashes and accent work. Consider using recycled glass tiles, which come in a wide range of colors, shapes and sizes. Recycled glass tile is installed in the same manner as regular tile, and can come in pre-spaced squares allowing for easy installation and grouting.
Sustainable Harvested Woods: Wood is often used for vanities and even flooring for bathroom spaces. However, many wood products require the use of environmentally unfriendly or even illegal logging practices to supply the material. Choose products with a Forest Stewardship Council approved sticker on them, or choose more environmentally friendly products like bamboo, cork or wheat straw. Storm-feld tree products are also an option for a greener bathroom. Avoid wood products made from particle board, which often contains formaldehyde.
Recycled Metals: Recycled metals can be used in your bathroom from cabinet pulls to fixtures. Look for products such as recycled metal counter tops, vessel sinks made from recycled metal, recycled aluminum tiles, salvaged brass faucets, and recycled bronze metal hardware.
Composite Terrazzo: Another way to use recycled materials for vanity countertops is through composite terrazzo products. These counter tops are made from a wide range of different materials, such as recycled glass, which is then combined with an epoxy binder or cement to create the hard and formed surface of the countertop. Because there are different types and colors of materials used in each piece, you get a unique finished look to the product you install.
Salvaged Products: Whenever possible, try to use recycled salvaged products in your bathroom remodel. Often times home owners will get rid of light fixtures, cabinets or sinks that are still in style, but that do not fit their own current personal style. Purchasing these products from salvage stores reduces the chances that the product will find its way into a landfill, as well as can provide a unique or vintage look to your bathroom space.
Windows: Install windows in your bathroom to bring in natural light. The more natural light you have flowing into your bathroom, the more open it will feel and the less electricity you will need to use, which reduces your energy waste and brings down your electric bills. Install Energy Star rated windows to help reduce the loss of heat or cold air during the winter or summer months.
Toilet: Toilets make up a significant portion of water usage in most households. Each flush can waste gallons of water, even though newer toilet designs can provide the same performance with less water. Look for toilets made to the HET Standard (or High Efficiency Toilet) which guarantees you’ll be using less water with each flush.
While these steps may seem small, every choice helps create a better world for you, your family and generations to come. By making these simple choices, you can make a positive impact on the environment, all without sacrificing style or function in your bathroom.
I have been the landlord of a triplex for just over 5 years. For most of that time, I simply maintained the property that I owned after making a couple of bigger renovations (windows and insulation). The biggest challenge I had was that my existing tenants paid way below market rent and rent control would not allow me to increase rents beyond 0.7%-2.2% each year. I felt stuck.
Recently, one of those tenants moved out. I managed to gut and redo the one bedroom unit and once it was finished I rented it out for almost double what I was getting before! This took the pressure off quite a bit but I realized I had to get my other “long term” renter out of her apartment. I ended up paying her to leave (2 months free rent) but it looks like it paid off. Her rent for a 2 bedroom was $474.77, but I have a lease now on the apartment for $799 a month. Surprisingly, I got this tenant because they saw pictures of the first unit I did and knew that I was finishing the second unit the same way. When they did the walk through the place was gutted and I didn’t even have the walls framed in yet!
I have looked at some other systems out there, but it seems to me that the only one that really works is finding a run down property with below market rents in a good area, fixing it up, and rerenting to higher classed tenants. If I knew a few years back what I know now, I would get the old tenants out ASAP even if I need to use my “cash for keys” program.
Right now I work full time so I rely on a dependable contractor that I feel I can trust. I hope to start renovating my own houses down the road, but I think I might need to get rid of my job to free up the time. Currently, I just do a walk through each day to see what work has been done and simply manage the renovation. Once the triplex is completely turned around next month I figure I will start looking for another project; I just need to convince my wife who still has fresh memories of my less stellar tenants.
Govern a great nation as you would cook a small fish. Do not overdo it.
–Lao Tzu
A key to fixing up a house is to know when to stop fixing up. You want the house to look good, yet you know that people are not going to care for your house the same way that you would. For rental properties, I don’t purchase the most costly, or even new, materials. I do a lot of my shopping at stores that recycle construction materials, like Habitat for Humanity’s Re-stores. You can get bargain basement prices on things like doors, kitchen cabinets, hinges, toilets, paint.
Need I say more? It’s a fixer-upper person’s paradise.
If I know that I am going to sell the house I may install higher grade of materials, especially where it really counts, like the kitchens and bathrooms. As Lawrence Dworin says in Profits in Buying & Renovating Homes:
“It’s easy to get carried away on renovation projects – wasting time and money on repairs that buyers won’t pay extra for. I assume you like to do good work. We all do. And we’d like every finished project to be a showplace. But you can’t make money that way. Your buyers have a limit on what they’re willing to pay. That’s why you’ve got to limit repair costs. In this business, you concentrate on fixing code violations and creating a clean, safe, livable house.”
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FIX EM UP RENT EM OUT
Purchase FIX EM UP RENT EM OUT (paperback)Award-Winning Finalist in the Real Estate category of the National Best Books Awards, sponsored by USA Book NewsGreat information for anyone starting out in the fixer-upper business. The author has served his apprenticeship in the trenches.
-- Fixer Jay P. DeCima, Investor and AuthorTerry Sprouse has created a profitable rental business in his spare time. What sets him apart is he took action.-- Bob Zachmeier, Investor, Educator, Author With the wit of Will Rogers, this book provides simple guidelines for restoring homes, and sanity to our crazy lives. --M.D. Matlock, Ph.D., P.E., C.S.E.
