Archive for the ‘investments’ Category

10 Most Frequent Problems Found by House Inspectors

Tuesday, December 11th, 2012

These kids come to me and ask, ‘Hey Arnie, are you God?’. I just laugh and say ‘Nice try, but keep looking.

— Arnold Schwarzenegger

Buying fixer-upper houses, living in them, repairing them, and eventually renting them out is a safe way to generate short-term income and long-term economic security.

Even Arnold Schwarzenegger,  in his new book Total Recall, cites investing in real estate as a valuable step on his road to financial success.

But, how can you be sure that a house is worth what you are offering to pay for it? Based on experience, we can “eyeball” the property and probably be able to make a pretty accurate estimate of its worth, maybe 75% of the time

That’s probably closer to 95% of the time for Arnold, with that Terminator vision of his.

Get a professional inspection

However, that’s not good enough. We need more information than our educated eyeball can provide in order to:

1.) Avoid any surprise defects. After you buy the property, trying to get reimbursed for those defects will be too late.

2.) Negotiate a lower selling price for the house.

I hire a professional inspector to provide me with a complete written inspection report that can be used to negotiate a lower price on the house if it uncovers anything that is in need of repair.

Looks straight to me. Why do you ask?

When having the physical inspection done, you should be aware of the most common house problems.

Ten Most Frequent House Problems

 A survey of U.S. home inspectors resulted in this list of the most frequently encountered problems:

 

1.) Improper Surface Grading/Drainage 
This is responsible for the most common of household maladies: water penetration of the basement or crawl space.

2.) Improper Electrical Wiring 
Includes such situations as insufficient electrical service to the house, inadequate overload protection, and amateur, often dangerous, wiring connections.

3.) Roof Damage 
Involves roof leakage, caused by old or damaged shingles or improper flashing.

4.) Heating Systems
Problems in this category include broken or malfunctioning operation controls, blocked chimneys, and unsafe discharge of exhaust.

5.) Poor Overall Maintenance
Includes signs such as cracked, peeling, or dirty painted surfaces, crumbling masonry, makeshift wiring or plumbing, and broken fixtures or appliances.

6.) Structural Problems
Many houses, as a result of problems in one or more of the other categories, sustain damage to such structural components as foundation walls, floor joists, rafters, window and door frames.

7.) Plumbing 
Problems consist of the existence of old or incompatible piping materials, as well as faulty fixtures and waste lines.

8.) Exteriors 
Flaws in a home’s exterior, including windows, doors, and wall surfaces, are responsible for the discomfort of water and air penetration. Inadequate caulking and/or weather-stripping are the most common culprits.

9.) Poor Ventilation
Perhaps due to overly ambitious efforts to save energy, many home owners have “over-sealed” their homes, resulting in excessive interior moisture. This can cause rotting and premature failure of both structural and non-structural elements.

10.) Miscellaneous
Includes primarily interior components, often cosmetic in nature. May include dents in doors and walls from children’s unsupervised indoor karate practice, or possibly from having Bigfoot (or the Governator) as a former resident. (I inserted those last two examples based on some unfortunate personal experiences I have had.)

A specialist in mold removal or riled up Governator?.

A home inspector’s standard practice typically does not include the following, for which a specific license to inspect and identify is required:

  •  Asbestos
  • Radon Gas
  • Lead Paint
  • Toxic Mold
  • Pest Control

If you suspect the presence of any of these items, you would contract with inspectors in these areas independently.

 

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7 Reasons to Live in a Fixer-Upper House While You Repair It

6 Steps to Roof Maintenance (for the Home that will Turn Into a Rental House)

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5 Steps to Get Your House Ready to Rent by Terry Sprouse

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Claiming a Tax Exemption When Selling a Home That is Now a Rental

Wednesday, October 10th, 2012

I’d like to share with you a recent question that I received from a reader of my blog. The question was:

“I lived in my primary home for two years and now it’s a rental, can I sell it without paying capital gains?”

My “short” answer is:

That depends on how long the house has been a rental.

No need to push when  selling your primary residence

By Way of Background Information

The 1997 Taxpayer Relief Act was a great boost for average people who wanted to sell their home and buy a new one. It was also a great boost for investors. Couples are allowed to exclude up to $500,000 of the capital gain on the sale of their primary residence. Single individuals can exclude up to $250,000.

In other words, the sale of the house is never reported on your federal IRS forms if the capital gain is less than the $500,000 and $250,000 limits.

This exclusion is based on compliance with two requirements:

1.)  The home must have been the primary residence for both spouses during two of the last five years. The two years do not have to be consecutive but if you rent out the primary residence for more than three years you would be required to occupy it again for two years.

 2.)  The exclusion is available only once every two years.

What if you sell you house and your capital gains exceed the established limit?

Capital gains above $250,000 for singles and $500,000 for couples are taxed at the applicable rate.

What if you sell your house before meeting the two year requirement?

If you qualify under one of the “unforeseen events” listed in  Internal Revenue Service Publication 523 Selling Your Home, such as a job change, illness or an unusual hardship, you can still qualify for a prorated exclusion.

The Ideal Strategy for the Pathologically Conservative Investor

Typical conservative investor.

Utilization of this tax exemption is the safest investment strategy for the conservative investor who wants to take few risks. This is the type of investor who wears both suspenders and a belt to hold up his pants. They like to play it really safe.

Under this strategy, the investors can qualify for the least expensive type of  loan, the owner-occupied loan. There is no need to worry about tenants destroying your rental property or not paying the rent. You completely control the investment by living in the property yourself. When you sell, you have the opportunity to make up to $500,000 tax-free profit every two years.

So, following that long-winded, yet surprisingly informative, background spiel, my “final” answer to the question is:

If you have lived in your house 2 of the last 5 years, you are entitled to take the exemption.

 

Coming Soon!

How to Turn Your Home into a Rental House, Instead of Selling It

The Peaceful Warrior and Fixer-Upper Houses

Wednesday, March 7th, 2012

As we operate our fixer upper and rental house businesses, its always good to do things that contribute to our positive attitude and keep our spirits up.

My wife and I were watching the movie the “Peaceful Warrior” Saturday night, and I was really inspired by the movie.

In a nutshell, one night when a gymnast, Dan Millman, cannot sleep he wanders in to a service station and meets a mysterious man. Dan injures his leg in an automobile accident and the mystic helps the gymnast to overcome incredible odds and tap into new worlds of strength and understanding. Here’s one of my favorite scenes as Socrates teaches Dan a valuable lesson.

Dan Millman: Life has just three rules?
Socrates: And you already know them…
Dan: Paradox, humor, and change.
Socrates: Paradox…
Dan: Life is a mystery. Don’t waste time trying to figure it out.
Socrates: Humor…
Dan: Keep a sense of humor, especially about yourself. It is a strength beyond all measure.
Socrates: Change…
Dan: Know that nothing stays the same.

At the end of the film, Dan is trying out for the Olympics, after making a startling comeback from his accident. A teammate asks him if can share some tip that he has learned from his training with Socrates to help him do his routine. Dan tells him to get rid of the garbage in his mind, to just forget about winning and his parent’s expectations, and to just focus on the routine.

But, the teammate just doesn’t get it. He replies that he has to win the gold medal, and everyone is counting on him to win. If he loses, he will let himself, and everyone else down, and he’ll never be happy.

What’s really interesting is the expression on Dan’s face as he listens to his teammate, and his realization that he used to think exactly the same way.

How this relates to fixer-upper houses

The movie made me think about how the fixer-upper business is like being a peaceful warrior. The Peaceful Warrior said, “Service to others is the highest good.”

I don’t think its stretching things too far to say that we provide a service. We purchase properties that are worn out and shunned by society. We rehabilitate the houses, make them presentable again, and provide a nice place for people to live in.

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Get in on the Greatest Real Estate Fire Sale in History

Saturday, March 3rd, 2012

“The greatest  real estate fire sale in the history of the United States rages on.”

— CNBC

Foreclosed properties are selling like hotcakes. Now is a great time to get some great deals on investment properties  Besides the price, below are four reasons why you can count on real estate to provide you with security today and in the future.

Cash flow

With a good rental property, after all the expenses have been covered, including mortgage, vacancy rate, repairs, and property management, you can still receive a good cash flow. This provides a reliable monthly income for as long as you want to keep the property. As the amount of rent that you charge goes up, your profits go up. See Table 1 (U.S. Census Bureau, 2012) for historic monthly rents in the U.S., from the U.S. Census Bureau.

Demand for Housing

There will be always be people in need of a place to live. With our growing population, a gain of one American born every 14 seconds, we will have a population of 400 million by 2050. Based on our current immigration patterns and population growth, there will continue to be a demand for housing well into the foreseeable future.

Appreciation

In the short term, housing appreciation seems to unpredictably rise and fall. However, in the long term, over a 60-year period, house values show a steady and consistent upward trend. According the U.S. Census Bureau, from 1940 to 2010, the average increase in the value of a house was about 5% per year, adjusted for inflation. Table 2 (U.S Census Bureau, 2012) shows historic home values.

While appreciation of 5% may seem low to some people, when we consider that we only put a small percentage down, between 5-20%, and we receive monthly rent checks that more than cover mortgage payments, it begins to make sense. If we don’t allow periodic dramatic rises and falls in home values to shake our confidence, we can count on steady, long-term, profits from our investment properties.

Tax savings

Our kindly Uncle Sam wisely gives tax incentives to real estate investors. The federal government allows you to depreciate your investment (or reduce your taxes to account for physical deterioration of the house) on Schedule E of your annual tax form. In addition, you deduct expenses related to your investment from your gross income on IRS Form 1040, and reduce the amount of income that you pay taxes on.

How to Force Yourself to Write

Security in Retirement with Fixer-Uppers

Monday, February 20th, 2012

Are you like me and never socked much money away for retirement? We are not alone. The Employee Benefit Research Institute’s Annual Retirement Confidence Survey found that pre-retirees (Americans between the ages of 55 and 65) greatly underestimate how long they are likely to live and how much money they will need in retirement.

Experts say that we need to change our mindset from “assets” to “income” in retirement planning. It’s not enough to know how much money we have in savings; we need to know how much income our savings can generate over time.

There is no better way to change our mindset and our portfolio from “assets” to “income” than by investing in real estate. If we invest wisely before we retire, and can have a stable of reliable rental properties that generate steady monthly income. We can look forward to a retirement that provides security instead of uncertainty.


Don’t rely on politicians to provide you with retirement security. If you want it done right, you must do it yourself.

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Avoiding Pitfalls When Buying Fixer-Upper Houses

Wednesday, May 25th, 2011

Pitfalls to buying fixer-upper houses, such as broken plumbing systems, worn out electrical wiring, and cracked foundations can be avoided with the help of a professional inspector prior to purchasing a house. Once identified, these conditions can be laid before the seller, who must either fix the problems to the satisfaction of the buyer, or the buyer can pull out of the deal.

Of course, it takes hard work to find a house, make all of the repairs, and learn how to deal with tenants. If it were easy, everyone would be doing it. You’ll learn not to take life, or tenant problems, too seriously. Shakespeare said, “A light heart lives long.”

The good news is that you learn valuable technical and people management skills that are useful in many other aspects of your life. You are also rewarded with a feeling of satisfaction in your accomplishments, a stronger sense of financial security, and the peace of mind that accompanies it.

How to Turn Your Home into a Rental Property – Radio Interview with Ron Ross

Thursday, August 26th, 2010

I was interviewed by the engaging, master radio host, Ron Ross of WJBC 1230 AM in Bloomington, Illinois this morning.

I talked about how to turn a home into a rental property, including:

– how to do the financing

– getting good tenants

– taking advantage of tax breaks

– and preparing the old house to rent.

Before the show I heard Ron going through the news and he said that ratings were so bad at CBS that Katie Couric was showing up to work in sweat pants, a tank top and a ball cap too.

So, during the interview, I mentioned that one of the advantages of working with rental properties was, like Katie Couric, I can show up to work in sweat pants and a ball cap.

Listen to the entire radio interview.

Upcoming radio interviews

September 2 at 7:40 am, Good Morning Rochester with Rich Peterson, KROC 1340 AM, Rochester, Minnesota.

September 2 at 11:25 am, John Brown’s Mindset, KTRS 550 AM, St. Louis, Missouri.

September 15 at 8:05 am, the Dan and Mike Show with Dan Ramey, WBEX 1490 AM, Chillicothe, Ohio.

William Nickerson – real estate better than stocks

Thursday, August 5th, 2010

William Nickerson, in his book How I Turned$1,000 into Three Million in Real Estate – in My Spare Time, said “you success with real estate properties is enhanced because you can retain control of it.”

Many people have made money in stocks, but they relinquish control of their money, except when to buy or sell.

When investing in real estate properties, you can retain personal control in all stages of the selection, operation and improvement of your investments. You are the captain of your own ship.

More radio interviews scheduled

Aug. 10, 9:10 am, Dave Kelber will interview me, WRNJ 1510 am Hackettstown, New Jersey.

Aug. 11, 8:10 am, Mark Wayne will interview me, WICH 1310 am, Norwich, Connecticut.

Aug. 17, 6:50 am, Jason Mansmith will host me, WRPN 1600 am, Ripon, Wisconsin

Here is the complete list of my upcoming  radio interviews. I will keep you posted as more are added

Aug. 10, 9:10 am, Dave Kelber show, WRNJ 1510 am Hackettstown, New Jersey.

Aug. 11, 8:10 am, Mark Wayne show, WICH 1310 am, Norwich, Connecticut.

August 17, 6:50 am, Jason Mansmith show, WRPN 1600 am, Ripon, Wisconsin.

August 20, 8:30 am, I will be on David Sutton’s show, KSRN 1490 am, Los Alamos, New Mexico.

August 25 at 8:08 am,  I will be on Jeff Anderson’s show, KSDR 1480 am, Watertown, South Dakota.

When we buy a fixer upper house, “we are what we are”

Monday, August 2nd, 2010

I was watching the movie Australia last night, starring Nicole Kidman and Hugh Jackman. It was such a classic tale that it sent chills down my back.

A man starts up a small cattle empire in the outback of Australia. He is killed and his inexperienced wife has to take over the operation. She’s in way over her head, but in order to save the ranch she has to drive the herd thousands of miles to the market. She asks her ranch hand to lead to trail drive.

The tough ranch hand assembles a rag tag group, which include of a drunk, two aboriginal women, a young boy, and the wife, to herd the cattle.  Despite stampedes, poisoned watering holes, and other travails, they keep moving on.

We are what we are

Before the trip begins,the ranch hand addresses his team and goes over the “dos and don’ts” of working a cattle drive.

At the end of his speech he says, “Well, we are what we are.”

He said it with some degree of exasperation at having to use vastly unqualified people on the drive.

But, I also thought that he said it with a sense optimistic determination. As if he is saying, “This is all I have to work with. Its not as good as it could be, but I’m going to make it work and we’ll get these cattle to market.”

I am what I am

When you buy your first fixer upper house, it also requires that you take the attitude that “Well, I am what I am.”

You don’t have all the experience that you might want to begin, but you don’t let that stop you. There’s a lot to learn and you learn as you go. Your determination gets you over a lot of obstacles.

Upcoming Radio Interviews

August 20, 8:30 am, I will be on David Sutton’s show, KSRN 1490 am, Los Alamos, New Mexico.

August 25 at 8:08 am,  I will be on Jeff Anderson’s show, KSDR 1480 am, Watertown, South Dakota.

Watch this space for further developments!

Protecting Rental Properties: LLC vs. Insurance

Tuesday, May 18th, 2010

I met Tucson attorney John Gravina following a presentation that I gave at the Tucson Festival of Books. We talked about different ways for rental property owners to protect their properties and safeguard their liability.

I asked John if he would write a post for my blog on this topic and he kindly agreed. Below are his insightful comments.

———–

Recently at the Tucson Festival of Books workshop, in addition to self publishing, you mentioned your underlying rental property business. I was more interested in your underlying business since I too have rental properties. I am also an attorney that represents claimants in negligence claims, workers compensation, social security disability, probate and estate matters.

So, I am one of the attorneys that will sue a landlord under premises liability if there is a case. What is frustrating to me is the fear of law suits against landlords that they will lose everything.

I have found at similar seminars (not yours) business consultants coincidentally selling limited liability companies and/or promoting their use as some kind of immunity or shield against law suits.

Protect Assets with Insurance

I advise property investor’s landlords to get insurance. If you have insurance, you really don’t need to worry about lawsuits since the insurance should defend you and indemnify you (pay) for any suit. The best asset protection is purchasing insurance.

Also, premises liability suits are some of the most difficult cases to take. Call around and ask for an attorney on a slip and fall case and you will be surprised by the lack of interest.

My advice to landlord property owners is to have a good insurance broker. Discuss with the insurance broker your specific concerns of a handy man being hurt and/or a tenant suit. It’s important that you are very specific at this meeting. Later if you are sued, you can bring this conversation up for coverage under reasonable expectations.

A landlord should have a business relationship with an insurance broker. All insurance needs such as liability, workers compensation, premises and an umbrella policy should be covered. If the selling agent states coverage is available, this should be confirmed in writing, such as providing a letter itemizing specific coverage.

Reasonable Expectations

Arizona had wonderful insurance law on reasonable expectations. If you go to an insurance broker for a specific example or insurable interest, the broker or insurance company can be bound. Under Arizona Law, reasonable expectations of a contracting party are to be enforced even if the written contract, such as an insurance policy/contract is contrary under the Darner decision/doctrine- 682 P.2nd 388 (Ariz., 1984).

There is a very famous landmark case in Arizona under reasonable expectations and insurance law. An auto broker went to his insurance broker requesting insurance on all of his vehicles. The broker wrote a small policy on one vehicle. The consumer was able to have coverage on all of his vehicles under the reasonable expectations.

It really should go without saying property investors need to be reasonable in their dealings. Underlying most premises liability issues, is notice. So, as a property owner if you are on notice of a dangerous condition, it must be fixed.

Notice of Dangers

The landlord obligation for premises safety may be summed up as Notice. For example, in Siddon’s, a four year old child was injured by a heavy door removed to allow access to the leased premises. The tenant asked the landlord to remove the door.

Another example is Shields, a landlord renting to a tenant repair shop that allowed pit bulls, that the landlord knew were dangerous.

I could go into some other areas such as fraudulent transfers, but that would be well beyond the scope of your inquiry. Perhaps in the future I could address this too for your readers.

John A. Gravina
Attorney at Law
John.Gravina@Azbar.org
http://gravinalaw.com/
520.795.4330